This reminds me of the biological concept of functional redundancy. For example, different microbes in the same functional guild can perform the same function, i.e. produce a given metabolite like butyrate.
Some research groups like George Church's lab at Harvard have looked into DNA for information storage because of the built-in redundancy. In fact, your DNA is so tightly wound around histones that if you were to unravel it completely, from end to end, it would stretch to the moon and back 1500 times!
I sometimes joke that women are the superior sex since they have a backup X chromosome; it's just good sense! Usually one copy is inactivated and forms a Barr body to prevent double the number of proteins, but since every cell doesn't inactivate the same copy, you can sometimes observe mosaicism, which is responsible for the multicolored coats of calico cats.
Brilliantly written piece and a timely reminder that none of us have a monopoly on pain, suffering, or insecurity. Looks can be incredibly deceiving, and we can never presume to know what someone else is feeling. Thank you for this empathetic perspective.
